RESOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

SUBMITTED TO THE ASSEMBLY OF DELEGATES OF INTERNATIONAL PEN

MEETING IN TROMSØ, NORWAY, SEPTEMBER 2004

 

(a)       Amending Resolution on Article 31 of the Regulations of International PEN, submitted by

the Cuban Writers in Exile, Danish, Guadalajaran, Mexican, Nicaraguan, Panamanian, Paraguayan, Salta, San Miguel, Spanish and Venezuelan Centres

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

Considering the stipulations of Rule 19 (b) of the Rules of Procedure of the Assembly of Delegates of International PEN:

            ‘At all meetings of the Assembly of Delegates the Host Centre shall arrange for simultaneous

interpretation in the working languages.’


And calling to mind Article 31 (a) of the Regulations of International PEN, which states under ‘Languages’:

            ‘French, English and Spanish shall be the working languages of International PEN. However,

concerning Spanish, its use as a working language shall be contingent upon appropriate funds being available.’

 

While understanding the situation which prevailed in 1997 which let to the acceptance of this compromise;

Remembering that the Latin American PEN Foundation, which is today the Iberian American PEN Foundation, has since then paid for Spanish interpretation in all the international congresses and some regional meetings of this organization;

Interpreting the wording of Article 31 (a) in the light of the Universal Declaration of Linguistic Rights, of which International PEN is one of the principal architects and to which it is a signatory, which prohibits discrimination against any language for economic reasons;

 
Considering that it is essential that in all World Congresses, Rule 19 (b) be observed, as demanded by the Rules of Procedure approved in Helsinki in 1997;

Proposes that the final sentence of Article 31 (a) be deleted, so that the clause reads as follows:


‘French, English and Spanish shall be the working languages of International PEN.’

 

(b)       Amending Resolution to Article 31 of the Regulations of International PEN, submitted by the French and Italian Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Considering that it is very important for all Latin Centres to receive correspondence and reports in Spanish;

 

Also bearing in mind that Spanish interpretation during meetings is very important for all Latin American and European Centres to permit the better understanding of the discussions and to establish a bridge between Europe and Latin America;

 

Decides to amend Article 31(a) of the Regulations of International PEN as follows:

 

Delete: ‘However, concerning Spanish, its use as a working language shall be contingent upon appropriate funds being made available.’

 

And replace with: ‘The appropriate funds for the translations of these languages are a priority of International PEN.’

 

Further decides to establish a Committee or Working Group for Romance-language Centres, whose remit will be:

 

1.                              to provide support to Romance-language Centres that otherwise would be unable to carry out their activities;

2.                              to assist contact and communication between Latin America, Europe and the International Secretariat.

 

(c)       Amending Resolution on the Rules of Procedure, submitted by the Board

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Recalling the decision of the Assembly of Delegates, meeting at the 69th World Congress of International PEN in Mexico City, to request the Board to revise the Rules of Procedure in accordance with the agreed amendments to the Regulations;

 

Noting Article 14 (b) of the Regulations, which reads:

‘The Rules of Procedure shall be adopted and may be amended by the Assembly of Delegates. Any such amendment shall be submitted as a regular resolution in accordance with Rule 7 of the rules of Procedure [pertaining to the requirements for submitting and voting on Regular Resolutions]’;

 

Further noting Rule 23 (b) of the Rules of Procedure, which reads:

 

‘In case of any discrepancy between the Regulations and the Rules of Procedure, the Regulations shall be followed’:

 

Decides to adopt the revised Rules of Procedure as presented here.

 

(d)       Resolution on Chechnya, submitted by the Russian Centre

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Having discussed the Russian PEN Centre's information of the current situation in Chechnya,

 

States that despite the repeated statements of the Russian governing bodies on normalisation and stabilisation of the situation in that region, no actual improvement is achieved, and the undeclared war continues with the same intensity;

 

Concludes that the use of force with the purpose of coming out of the protracted political crisis which has taken away the lives of thousands of people is still accompanied by violation of human rights;

 

Points out that those guilty of the crimes against the civil population remain unpunished, which leads to escalation of new crimes;

 

Further points out that the ample humanitarian aid rendered to Chechnya's population by various international organisations, in the majority of cases does not reach the target communities and gets instead into the hands of bureaucracy and corrupted people;

 

Insists on the strictest observance in Chechnya of the national and international laws by representatives and bodies of government of any level and their making public any case of their violation;

 

Calls on the Russian authorities to admit the international observers into Chechnya and guarantee their free movement therein and maximum safety;

 

Urgently requests all the government and non-government organisations of the world to use all the available means to exert influence on the Russian authorities with the aim of urging them to observe the human rights and freedoms in Chechnya.

 

(e)       Resolution on Australia, submitted by the Melbourne and Sydney Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Recalling the resolution condemning the actions of the Australian government in violating the freedom of expression of asylum seekers held in detention, passed at the 69th World Congress held in Mexico City, Mexico, November 2003;

 

Learning in recent months of the detention of the Iranian journalist and poet Hassan Hakimi on the island of Nauru, by agreement with the Australian government, after he was intercepted on his way to Australia seeking asylum without 'proper documentation';

 

Deeply concerned at reports that Hassan has fled persecution as a result of the publication of his writing for the reformist Eman weekly newspaper in Ghom, Iran, and yet has had his initial application for asylum rejected,

 

And at the reportedly primitive conditions asylum seekers are held in Nauru and in particular the limited access to telecommunications at this detention centre and the inability to be contacted by telephone by people outside of Nauru, including lawyers, relatives and refugee supporters;

 

Alarmed and profoundly disappointed to learn that following their release from detention at least three writers have received “tax invoices” from the Australian government for the costs of their detention and other related expenses, said writers including:

 

 

And that these invoices contain a warning that the “failure to pay may affect an individual’s ability to leave and re-enter Australia”;

 

Hereby condemns the Australian government’s treatment of Hassan Hakimi in violating his freedom of expression under Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to which Australia is a signatory, and the Australian government’s punitive actions against asylum seekers by charging them enormous costs for their incarceration under mandatory detention policies;

 

And calls on the Australian government to:

 

Ensure that the complete circumstances of Hassan Hakimi's case are given full and fair consideration and he is appropriately assessed, including through a fair appeals process, with regard to his request for refugee status;

 

End punitive measures that impede the freedom of expression of asylum seekers, as outlined in International PEN’s November 2003 resolution, by, among other measures, allowing asylum seekers to contact and be contacted by their legal representatives, family, refugee support organisations and to freely give interviews to interested journalists;

 

End mandatory detention, and the so-called “Pacific Solution” by transferring all detainees on Nauru to Australia, allowing easier access by and communication with friends, supporters, immigration lawyers and refugee advocates; and until such time, ensure that the conditions in the Nauruan detention centre are of a high standard and that refugees have access to appropriate facilities and services.

 

Cease the practice of invoicing asylum seekers for expenses related to their detention, and immediately revoke the invoices presented to our colleagues Cheikh Kone, Lam Khi Try and Mohsen Soltany Zand.

 

(f)        Resolution on Canada, submitted by the Canadian Centre

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Alarmed by several recent freedom of expression cases in the country, including most notably:

 

 

Urges the government of Canada to:

 

Take steps to confront the ease with which police can obtain search warrants in cases in which they are trying to track down whistleblowers and discover the sources for stories and books that criticize and embarrass governments, police and judicial authorities;

 

Recognise the groundbreaking ruling from the Superior Court of Ontario in January 2004, concerning the McIntosh case, in which Justice Mary Lou Benotto stated, “Society’s interest here, in protecting the confidentiality he promised, outweighs the benefits of disclosing the document…. The ability of the public to know what its elected leaders are doing is fundamental to our democracy. We rely on the news media to provide us with this information. The expectation that a source will remain confidential is often the very reason people feel free to go to the press”;

 

Refrain from introducing legislation containing ill-defined concepts open to abuse as tools to restrict freedom of expression.

 

(g)       Resolution on China, submitted by the Canadian and Danish Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Considering the on-going and widespread crackdown of free expression rights of Chinese citizens and those in the autonomous regions of Tibet and Xinjiang;

 

Alarmed by the detention of some 40 journalists in Chinese prisons, making the country the largest jailer of writers and journalists in the world;

 

Opposing the escalation of state-ordered assaults on independent-minded media in China, in which editors are arrested, publications closed and news blackouts imposed on politically sensitive events;

 

Concerned by evidence of growing threats to press freedom in Hong Kong;

 

Further concerned by the Chinese government’s continued imposition of repressive measures in Tibet that limit any display of support for an independent Tibet, human rights or religious and cultural expression of Tibetan identity;

 

Fearing a growing trend in which state authorities particularly target on-line writers (‘cyber-dissidents’) who speak freely and critically on the Internet;

 

Urges the government to:

 

Release all imprisoned journalists and writers in China, including:

 

·        Release all prisoners in autonomous Tibet who are detained in violation of their right to freedom of expression, including:

 

Release all prisoners in the autonomous region of Xinjiang who are detained in violation of their right to freedom of expression, including:

 

 

Cease its efforts to censor cyberspace and to release immediately all writers jailed for peacefully expressing their opinions over the Internet;

 

Engage in a complete and meaningful reform of the Chinese legal system so that it guarantees fair trials, the full right of defence and appeal and a prison system that ensures the health and safety of inmates in accordance with international standards; and,

 

End crackdowns on those advocating rights in Tibet and Xinjiang.

 

(h)       Resolution on Cuba, submitted by the Canadian, Czech, Danish, English, Finnish, Italian, Norwegian and Quebecois Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Alarmed by the repression undertaken by the Cuban government since March 2003 against 34 writers, independent journalists and librarians on whom prison sentences of up to 27 years have been imposed. The majority were tried under Law 88 and Article 91 of the Penal Code. Law 88, introduced in 1999, is a catch-all piece of legislation that has often been used as a means for sending writers and journalists to prison. It allows for prison sentences of up to twenty years. Article 91 deals with charges of acting against “the independence of the territorial integrity of the state”, the maximum penalty for which is death.

 

Among those imprisoned are:

 

§            Raúl Rivero Castañeda: poet, director of CubaPress, co-founder of Manuel Márquez Sterling Journalists Society, and librarian – sentenced to 20 years;

§            Ricardo Severino González Alfonso: short story writer, president of Manuel Márquez Sterling Journalists Society, director of De Cuba magazine and librarian – sentenced to 20 years;

§            Marta Beatriz Roque Cabello: author and economist – sentenced to 20 years;

 

Appalled by the lack of adequate medical attention being received by several of the detainees and the fact that many prisoners are detained in towns far from their homes and families thereby limiting their visits.

 

Deeply concerned about the adoption of the new Information Security Law  which further restricts the ability of Cuban citizens to access to the Internet;

 

Welcoming the release of Manuel Vázquez Portal, novelist, poet and journalist with Grupo de Trabajo Decoro and correspondent for the Miami-based website CubaNet; and Carmelo Díaz Fernández, editor of Agencia de Prensa Sindical Independiente de Cuba and CubaNet correspondent;

 

Aware that the United States’ embargo creates an atmosphere of fear that serves as a pretext for the Cuban authorities to repress independent and critical voices;

 

Urges the Cuban government to release unconditionally the 32 remaining journalists, writers and librarians, imprisoned after trials that were neither fair nor open for exercising their right to freedom of expression;

 

Calls upon the Cuban government to strike Law 88, Articles 91, 144 and 200-1 from the Cuban Penal Code and the newly adopted Information Security Law, and to ratify the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights which guarantees the right to freedom of expression and information.

 

(i)        Resolution on Egypt, submitted by the Finnish and Norwegian Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Learning that the novel "The Fall of the Imam", by the Egyptian writer and psychiatrist Nawal el-Saadawi, has been banned from republication in Egypt, on the grounds that the novel is allegedly contrary to "islamic values";

 

Considering that the banning of books is contrary to the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights, to which Egypt is a party;

 

Further considering that the banning of "The Fall of the Imam" is an absurdity, since the novel -

which was partly written while its author was imprisoned for her earlier writings - already was published in Egypt in 1987, and has been translated into and published in 14 foreign languages;

 

Also considering that there seems to be a more or less continuous campaign of harassment going

on against the writer Nawal el-Saadawi in her home country, resulting in frequent arrests for her writings, in her books being banned and in 2001 also in the government trying to divorce her from her husband by force;

 

Urges the government of Egypt to immediately lift the ban on the republication of Nawal el-Saadawi's novel "The Fall of the Imam" and on all other books;

 

Further urges the government of Egypt to immediately stop all harassment against Nawal el-Saadawi and all other writers, and to respect the international conventions to which Egypt is

a party.

 

(j)        Resolution on Eritrea, submitted by the Danish, Norwegian and Swedish Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Concerned by the fact that Yusuf Mohamed Ali (editor-in-chief of Tsigenay), Mattewos Habteab (editor-in-chief of Meqaleh), Emanuel Asrat (Zemen), Temesken Ghebreyesus (Keste Debena), Dawit Isaac (Setit), Fesshaye Yohannes (Setit), and Said Abdelkader (editor of Admas) were arrested in September 2001. Dawit Isaac, a Swedish citizen, is hospitalised under strict security. His ill health is believed to have been caused by his treatment in prison.

 

Deeply disturbed by the arrests of the journalists, which followed shortly after the 18 September 2001 closure of all eight private newspapers in Eritrea, leaving the country with no independent press.

 

Shocked by the fact that the journalists are still in custody in communicado, and by the repeated insistence of the Eritrean government that they have not been arrested but are carrying out their military service. Although the journalists are known to have been transferred from their original places of detention, it is believed that they are currently being held at secret security sections of the 2nd and 6th police stations in Asmara.

 

Therefore urges the Eritrean Government to release the journalists immediately or bring them to trial by a fair and transparent legal process.

 

Furthermore calls upon the Eritrean Government to allow Dawit Isaac proper medical care, and to guarantee him visits from Swedish diplomatic personnel.

 

(k)       Resolution on Iran, submitted by the Canadian, Danish, Italian and Norwegian Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Alarmed by the systematic suppression of public dissent in Iran;

 

Noting that hundreds of student protesters have been summoned to court around the country or sent to university disciplinary committees for punishment, and that a number of political detainees received harsh prison sentences for articles they had published;

 

Further noting that Iran’s judiciary has shut down an increasing number of independent newspapers and that numerous journalists and intellectuals have been prosecuted under the provisions of the Press Law and Penal Code;

 

Concerned that political detainees have been tortured in the presence of judges, held for weeks in solitary confinement and denied basic due process rights;

 

Worried about the growing trend of Internet censorship in the country, in which thousands of Web sites considered “un-Islamic” are censored, on-line journalists harassed and privately-owned Internet service providers (ISPs) ordered to shut down or put themselves under government control;

 

Extremely concerned about the lack of progress in identifying and prosecuting those responsible for the torture and subsequent murder of Iranian-Canadian photojournalist Zahra Kazemi;

 

Urges the government of Iran to:

 

Release all political prisoners currently held for the legal exercise of their right to free expression, association and assembly, including Siamak Pourzand, Akbar Ganji, Hojjatoleslam Hassan Eshkevari, Khalil Rostamkhani, Ensafali Hedayat, Amir Abbas Fakhravar, Ali-Reza Jabari and Nasser Zarafshan;

 

Create enforcement mechanisms for its recently adopted anti-torture laws, including accountability for judges and interrogators who torture detainees;

 

Conduct a thorough investigation of its secret prisons, granting full access to international observers;

 

Take concrete steps to ensure the full and unhindered access to the right to freedom of expression in Iran.

 

(l)        Resolution on Mexico, submitted by the American, Canadian, Guadalajaran, Mexican, Salta and San Miguel Centres.

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Considering the principles and rights established in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, especially articles 3, 5 and 19;

 

Considering the principles and rights established in the Declaration of Fundamental Principles Relating to the Contribution of the Mass Communication Media for the Empowerment of Peace and International Understanding, for the Promotion of Human Rights and the Fight against Racism, Apartheid, and Incitement to War, especially articles 2.1, 2.4, 9, 10.1 and 10.2;

 

Considering the principles established in the Teheran Proclamation, especially principles 1 and 11:

 

Considering the principles and rights established in the International Pact on Civil and Political Rights, ratified by Mexico on March 23, 1981, especially its articles 9.1 and 19;

 

Considering the guarantees and rights established in the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, especially articles 1, 6, 7 and 133;

 

Considering the terms of Article 6 of the Press Law, in effect since April 15, 1917;

 

Considering the terms of the Federal Law to Prevent and Eliminate Discrimination, published in the Official Journal of the Federation on June 11, 2003, especially articles 2,3, and 4;

 

Noting the repression of freedom of expression prevailing especially in the northern border zone of Mexico, which recently claimed as victims the editor and journalist of the El Mañana newspaper Roberto Mora, of Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas (murdered on March 19, 2004) and the journalist Francisco. J. Ortiz Franco, staff member of the weekly newspaper Zeta, from Tijuana, Baja California, (gunned down on June 22, 2004,) and less recently, as the victim of an attempted murder, its editor, the journalist and editor of Zeta, Jesús Blancocornelas;

 

Observing that the persecution of journalists takes place in an atmosphere of impunity and an absence of the Rule of Law:

 

1.      Condemns the climate of impunity, insecurity and absence of Rule of Law in Mexico, especially in the northern zone;

2.      Demands that the Mexican government resolve the murders of Roberto Mora and Francisco J. Ortiz Franco, as well as all the unsolved cases of journalists murdered in their exercise of freedom of expression, among them the murders of Héctor Félix Miranda and Manuel Buendía.

3.      Urges the Federal Government of Mexico as well as the state governments to offer special guarantees to journalists, in order to permit them to carry out their work with freedom of expression and security, and without reprisals.

 

 

 

 

(m)      Resolution on Myanmar (Burma) submitted by the American, English, Italian, Melbourne, Nepalese, Perth, San Miguel, Sydney and Vietnamese Writers Abroad Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Considering that since the Myanmar government's crackdown on the National League for Democracy (NLD) in 1988, the ongoing systematic violation of human  rights of the people of Myanmar, and the detention and ill-treatment of numerous writers and journalists, has remained largely unchanged;

 

Noting that Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, leader of the NLD, has spent the large part of the past sixteen years in detention and presently remains so again, her basic rights of freedom of movement and expression denied;

 

Recognizing that the writers Aung Myint, Ko Aung Tun, U Myo Htun, Khin Zaw Win, Kyaw Sein Oo, U Ohn Kyaing, U Sein Hla Oo, and Win Tin are all serving prison sentences of between seven and twenty-one years for the peaceful expression of their opinions;

 

Recalling that in his report to the 59th session of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, published in March 2003, the UN Secretary-General concluded, "I am concerned that the national reconciliation process could be reversed unless some tangible progress is quickly made in the near future";

 

Disturbed that Myanmar's State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) has remained impervious to sustained international pressure for its gross violations of human rights;

 

Calls upon the SPDC to cease its ongoing and systematic violation of the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights of the people of Myanmar;

 

Cease the arbitrary arrest and prolonged detention of writers, journalists, and peaceful political activists;

 

Discontinue their torture and ill-treatment in prison, particularly during pre-trial Detention;

 

Release Aung Myint, Ko Aung Tun, U Myo Htun, Khin Zaw Win, Kyaw Sein Oo, U Ohn Kyaing, U Sein Hla Oo, Win Tin and all writers and journalists held merely for the peaceful expression of their views;

 

Release Daw Aung San Suu Kyi immediately and unconditionally from house detention and fully restore her rights of movement and free expression;

 

Restore democracy and respect the results of the 1990 elections by releasing immediately and unconditionally the leadership of the National League for Democracy, and allow them to play a full role in bringing about national reconciliation and the transition towards democracy.

 

(n)       Resolution on Russia, submitted by the Russian Centre

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,

 

Expresses concern about the assault on freedom of speech and self-expression caused by the absence of any independent media in Russia resulting in the holding of presidential elections in the Russian Federation where the general public had no access to alternative sources of information other than that provided by the government in power, a contradiction of the concept of democracy;

 

Points out with utmost alarm that contrary to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, writer Bayan Shirianov is currently before the courts on charges of “pornography” for his books that are widely considered to be works of critical realism, independent thinking, non-standard aesthetics, which offer an important diversion from the average statistical commercial literature;

 

Is indignant at the judgment of the Russian Court concerning the case of Igor Sutiaghin, a scholar of American studies sentenced to 15-year imprisonment on charges of “espionage” despite the fact that he had made use only of the materials found in the open press. This judgement contradicts not only the laws of the Russian Federation but also to the United Nations Declaration on Human Rights Article 19 that guarantees the right to freedom of expression and information;

 

Calls upon all Centres of International PEN to urge their won governments to protest at an inter-governmental level about the above-mentioned abuses of the right to seek and impart information;

 

Calls upon the President and the Government of the Russian Federation to guarantee by deeds, and not only in words, Russian citizen’s rights as pronounced in international human rights standard to which Russia is committed, most notably the rights to freedom of speech and information, alongside judicial and legislative powers that are truly independent of government influence.

 

(o)       Resolution on Spain, submitted by the Danish and Finnish Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,


Considering that all forms of acts of “terrorism” are to be denounced as unacceptable and hinder all moves towards achieving real peace, whether carried out by individuals, groups or governments;
 
Further considering that freedom of the press is an essential part of freedom of expression in general particularly at times of conflict;
 
Alarmed by the fact that the Spanish authorities have closed down the Basque-language newspaper Egunkaria, which is accused of being controlled by the Basque group Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) which has carried out a policy of bombings and assassinations to further its demands for Basque independence;

Also alarmed about the reports that the editor-in-chief Martxelo Otamendi of Egunkaria and others working for the newspaper were mistreated or tortured during detention after the newspaper was forcibly closed;

 

Refers to the international standards that prohibit the use of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment and to which the Spanish government is committed;

 

Notes that the investigation against Egunkaria is still under way over eighteen months after it has been banned, and that one staff person – Iñaki Uria – remains in detention;

 

Shares concerns that the links between the newspaper and ETA appear to be tenuous;
 

Calls upon the Spanish government to hasten the investigations into the case against Egunkaria and to summon an impartial and international board of inquiry to investigate the case of Martxelo Otamendi and other similar cases.

 

(p)       Resolution on Turkey submitted by the Ghanaian, Italian, Netherlands, San Miguel and Scottish Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,


Welcoming
the release on bail of MP and writer Leyla Zana, imprisoned since December 1994 on a 15-year sentence for her legitimate activism around the Kurdish question; and the release of her co-defendants, MPs Orhan Dogan, Hatip Dicle and Selim Sadak;

Hopeful that the implementation of political reforms in Turkey, introduced over the past two years, the redress of its previously poor human rights records through legislative reforms, will continue to move forward;

Disturbed, however by the 15 month prison sentence handed down on 20 May to the journalist Hakan Albayrak for "insults to the memory of Ataturk" in an article published in 2001; and to Mehmet Terzi, the newspaper's then editor-in-chief, his sentence reduced to a fine;

Calls for the immediate and unconditional release of Hakan Albayrak from prison;

Further urges a further review of Turkish legislation with the aim of removing from Turkish law any remaining laws that can lead to the imprisonment of writers and journalists solely for the practice of their right to freedom of expression, and embeds unequivocally into law full respect for the right to freedom of expression.

(q)       Resolution on Uzbekistan, submitted by the Danish and English Centres

 

The Assembly of Delegates of International PEN, meeting at its 70th Congress in Tromsø, Norway, 6th – 12th September 2004,


Appalled by the government of Uzbekistan’s disregard for the rights of its citizens to protection against human rights abuses including not to be subjected to torture or arbitrary detention, to be granted fair trial, and to be able to speak out without fear of reprisal;

Brings to attention once again the fact that writers and journalists are held in Uzbek prisons convicted of “crimes” that are clearly linked to their legitimately expressed opposition to the authorities, following trials that have been condemned for falling foul of international standards of fairness, and in some cases despite evidence that the prisoners had been subjected to threat and torture, and inhumane prison conditions;

 

Further appalled by the fact that many prisoners are detained in towns far from their homes and families thereby limiting their visits.

 

Referring in particular to:

- Mamadali MAKHMUDOV, a noted author sentenced in February 1999 to 14 years in prison for his links to the exiled opposition activist, Muhammed Salih, himself a writer;

- Muhammad BEKJANOV and Yusif RUZIMURADOV, journalists, arrested and tried alongside Mamadali Makhmudov, and serving 14 years and eight years respectively;

- Ruslan SHARIPOV, a human rights activist and journalist who in July 2003 was sentenced to five and a half years in prison, ostensibly on charges related to his homosexuality, but which are apparently in retaliation for his role as one of Uzbekistan’s most outstanding campaigners for free speech.  This d
espite reports that Sharipov was eligible for release on 11 June, the appeal commission recommended that he be required to serve his full term.

 
Also noting concerns that journalist Khayrullah (Hairulla) ERNAZAROV, arrested in April 2003 year and who is on trial for having disseminated “wahabi-ism”, seen as part of a disturbing pattern of religious intolerance in Uz